A peptide that left the manufacturer at 99% purity can arrive at a laboratory measuring meaningfully lower. Understanding degradation pathways — hydrolysis, oxidation, aggregation, and deamidation — explains much of the variance we see between COAs and independent retests.
Temperature excursion during shipping is the dominant factor in our data. Samples shipped with cold packs in insulated packaging consistently retest closer to their manufacturing COA than samples shipped in padded envelopes, with the gap widening in summer months.
Compounds are not equally fragile. Short, unmodified sequences like Semax degrade fastest; stabilized analogs engineered for pharmaceutical use tolerate handling better. Our testing archive now includes paired ship-condition comparisons for several compounds.
